The situation in Gaza has been a human rights and humanitarian crisis, and one amongst others, including Sudan and the Russian war of aggression in Ukraine. Individually and collectively, these conflicts have raised questions as to whether human rights and humanitarian law are in existential crisis. For two years, the situation in Gaza unfolded amidst accusations of genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. Yet, little to nothing achieved in terms of State responsibility and individual criminal responsibility for international crimes. Now, with an agreed cease-fire in place, the conditions of the peace plan would call for amnesties and impunity for those involved and there is no further indication of State responsibility. Has compliance and enforcement of international law failed? Were they there to begin with? This panel seeks to address these questions in the Gaza context with consideration to other global crises.