The potential for domestic use of military force is enormous in the second Trump Administration. Trump campaigned on using the military in “mass deportations” and against “the enemy within.” He promised “vengeance” against “deep state” prosecutors and military officers, and ending the independence of the military, Justice Department, and intelligence agencies. When he was last in power militias attacked Congress and requested that he put them on official duty under a strained reading of the Insurrection Act, after Trump sought in summer 2020 to invoke the Act against racial injustice protesters. Four government-experienced scholars will analyze these and related issues.